Computed tomography anatomy of the paranasal sinuses and anatomical variants of clinical relevants in Nigerian adults

Publication date: Available online 30 November 2016
Source:Egyptian Journal of Ear, Nose, Throat and Allied Sciences
Author(s): Regina Chinwe Onwuchekwa, Nengi Alazigha
AimThe aim of the study is to show the anatomy of the paranasal sinuses as delineated by the computed tomography and to describe the variants which not only predispose to chronic sinusitis but may lead to complications in endoscopic sinonasal surgery.IntroductionThe paranasal sinuses are group of air filled spaces surrounding the nasal cavity. Paranasal sinuses start developing from the primitive choana at 25–28weeks of gestation. Three projections arise from the lateral wall of the nose and serve as the beginning of the development of the paranasal sinuses.Materials and methodsThis was a prospective study carried out in a tertiary institution. 110 patients without paranasal sinus symptoms who presented for head computed tomography studies and gave consent for a coronal section scan of the paranasal sinuses to be taken in addition to the axial section of the head were included in the study. The CT examination was performed with GE Hispeed-NX/I Base-2002 Dual Slice Helical Computed tomography machine.ResultsThere were 48 females and 62 males giving a male female ratio of 1:1.3. Among these 229 cases of anatomical variants were observed. The commonest anatomical variants were pneumatisation of the middle nasal turbinates (32.73%). This is followed by agger nasi cells 23.64%, Haller's cells 20.91%, septal deviation 20.18% and sphenoid sinus septation (18%).ConclusionComputed tomography is the gold standard in the radiologic investigation of the paranasal sinuses, either for diagnosis for sinonasal lesions or pre and post-surgical assessment. Its capability in delineating the anatomical variants in paranasal sinuses protects against iatrogenic injury to essential structures around the paranasal sinuses and recurrent diseases from extramural cells.



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Facial nerve palsy after transarterial embolization of dural arteriovenous fistula

Publication date: Available online 30 November 2016
Source:Egyptian Journal of Ear, Nose, Throat and Allied Sciences
Author(s): Lim Eng Haw, Mohd Khairi Md Daud
Dural arteriovenous fistulas are abnormal connections between the dural arteries and dural veins or venous sinuses. These intracranial vascular malformations can present with a variety of features ranging from completely asymptomatic to fatal intracranial haemorrhage. With the advent of newer endovascular treatment techniques, most dural arteriovenous fistulas can be effectively managed with transvenous or transarterial embolization procedures. However, these procedures are not without complications. Herein, we report a case of facial nerve palsy following embolization of posterior fossa dural arteriovenous fistula.



http://ift.tt/2fHAmAR

Conformity assessment of multicomponent materials or objects: Risk of false decisions due to measurement uncertainty – A case study of denatured alcohols

Publication date: 1 March 2017
Source:Talanta, Volume 164
Author(s): Ilya Kuselman, Francesca Pennecchi, Ricardo J.N.B. da Silva, D. Brynn Hibbert
Risk of a false decision on conformity of a multicomponent material or object due to measurement uncertainty is discussed. Even if conformity assessment for each component of a material sample is successful, the total probability of a false decision (total consumer's risk or producer's risk) concerning the sample as a whole might still be significant. A model of the total probability of such false decisions is formulated based on the law (theorem) of total probability. It is shown that the total risk can be evaluated as a combination of the particular risks of conformity assessment of sample components. For a more complicated task, i.e. for a larger number of components of a sample under control, the total risk is greater. As a case study, the total probability of false conforming (total consumer's risk) is evaluated for customs control of completely denatured alcohols, where conformity assessment is performed by comparison of chemical analytical test results with the regulatory limits.

Graphical abstract

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Computed tomography anatomy of the paranasal sinuses and anatomical variants of clinical relevants in Nigerian adults

Publication date: Available online 30 November 2016
Source:Egyptian Journal of Ear, Nose, Throat and Allied Sciences
Author(s): Regina Chinwe Onwuchekwa, Nengi Alazigha
AimThe aim of the study is to show the anatomy of the paranasal sinuses as delineated by the computed tomography and to describe the variants which not only predispose to chronic sinusitis but may lead to complications in endoscopic sinonasal surgery.IntroductionThe paranasal sinuses are group of air filled spaces surrounding the nasal cavity. Paranasal sinuses start developing from the primitive choana at 25–28weeks of gestation. Three projections arise from the lateral wall of the nose and serve as the beginning of the development of the paranasal sinuses.Materials and methodsThis was a prospective study carried out in a tertiary institution. 110 patients without paranasal sinus symptoms who presented for head computed tomography studies and gave consent for a coronal section scan of the paranasal sinuses to be taken in addition to the axial section of the head were included in the study. The CT examination was performed with GE Hispeed-NX/I Base-2002 Dual Slice Helical Computed tomography machine.ResultsThere were 48 females and 62 males giving a male female ratio of 1:1.3. Among these 229 cases of anatomical variants were observed. The commonest anatomical variants were pneumatisation of the middle nasal turbinates (32.73%). This is followed by agger nasi cells 23.64%, Haller’s cells 20.91%, septal deviation 20.18% and sphenoid sinus septation (18%).ConclusionComputed tomography is the gold standard in the radiologic investigation of the paranasal sinuses, either for diagnosis for sinonasal lesions or pre and post-surgical assessment. Its capability in delineating the anatomical variants in paranasal sinuses protects against iatrogenic injury to essential structures around the paranasal sinuses and recurrent diseases from extramural cells.



http://ift.tt/2gNKCn2

Facial nerve palsy after transarterial embolization of dural arteriovenous fistula

Publication date: Available online 30 November 2016
Source:Egyptian Journal of Ear, Nose, Throat and Allied Sciences
Author(s): Lim Eng Haw, Mohd Khairi Md Daud
Dural arteriovenous fistulas are abnormal connections between the dural arteries and dural veins or venous sinuses. These intracranial vascular malformations can present with a variety of features ranging from completely asymptomatic to fatal intracranial haemorrhage. With the advent of newer endovascular treatment techniques, most dural arteriovenous fistulas can be effectively managed with transvenous or transarterial embolization procedures. However, these procedures are not without complications. Herein, we report a case of facial nerve palsy following embolization of posterior fossa dural arteriovenous fistula.



http://ift.tt/2fHAmAR

First case of Arthrographis kalrae fungemia in a patient with cystic fibrosis

Publication date: Available online 30 November 2016
Source:Medical Mycology Case Reports
Author(s): Denis Julie, Sabou Marcela, Degot Tristan, Candolfi Ermanno, letscher-Bru Valérie
Arthrographis kalrae is a hyalin fungus. It is a saprophyte of the environment, mainly found in soil and compost. In recent years, cases of opportunistic infections attributed to this pathogen have been described. Our patient was a 19-year-old woman with cystic fibrosis. She presented a bacterial and fungal pulmonary colonization with Aspergillus fumigatus and Arthrographis. kalrae. After her lung transplantation, she developed an A. kalrae fungemia, treated with caspofungin 50mg/day associated to liposomal amphotericin B i.v. 3mg/kg/day. The patient died 8 months after her transplantation as the result of a bacterial septic shock.



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The human adrenal gland proteome defined by transcriptomics and antibody-based profiling

Endocrinology, Early Release.


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